Power variations of Schumann resonances related to El Niño and La Niña phenomena

El Niño and La Niña: Causes and Global Consequences

Supplemental Information Figure 2. NPP trends for the SeaWiFS record based on three alternative NPP models. (a) NPP anomalies for the 1997-1999 El Niño to La Niña transition

The Mechanical Energies of the Global Atmosphere in El Niño and La Niña Years

Two meteorological reanalysis datasets are analyzed to determine the mechanical energies of the global atmosphere in the El Niño and La Niña years. The general consistency of the mean energy components between the two datasets reveals ;1%–3% increase and ;2%–3% decrease in the mean energies in the El Niño years and La Niña years, respectively. These analyses further reveal that the tropospheric...

El Niño/La Niña and Sahel Precipitation During the Middle Holocene

Simulations with a synchronously coupled atmosphere-land-ocean-sea ice model indicate El Niño/La Niña-like events in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean during the middle Holocene (6 ka) with similar intensities and frequencies as at present (0 ka). July-August-September Sahel precipitation shifts northward as expected from proxy data. For presentday, interannual-decadal variability of western S...

Predictive Skill of Statistical and Dynamical Climate Models in SST Forecasts during the 1997–98 El Niño Episode and the 1998 La Niña Onset

In the last decade and a half, our improved ability to forecast El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) warm and cold events (El Niño and La Niña, respectively) at longer lead times can be attributed to several factors. Foremost among these are our increasingly improved data observing and analysis/assimilation systems, higher computer speed and storage capacity, and increased understanding of the t...